%0 Journal Article %J IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters %D 2004 %T Uniting space, ground, and underwater measurements for improved estimates of rain rate %A Amitai, E. %A Nystuen, J. A. %A Liao, L. %A Meneghini, R. %A Morin, E. %K Meteorological radar %K Probability distribution function %K Rain gauge %K Rain intensity %K rainfall %K Spaceborne radar %K Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) %K Underwater acoustic %K Validation %X Global precipitation is monitored from a variety of platforms including spaceborne, ground-, and ocean-based platforms. Intercomparisons of these observations are crucial to validating the measurements and providing confidence for each measurement technique. Probability distribution functions of rain rates are used to compare satellite and ground-based radar observations. A preferred adjustment technique for improving rain rate distribution estimates is identified using measurements from ground-based radar and rain gauges within the coverage area of the radar. The underwater measurement of rainfall shows similarities to radar measurements, but with intermediate spatial resolution and high temporal resolution. Reconciling these different measurement techniques provides understanding and confidence for all of the methods. %B IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters %V 1 %P 35–38 %G eng %U http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs\_all.jsp?arnumber=1291376&tag=1 %R 10.1109/LGRS.2004.824767